Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft (Daimler Motor Company, DMG) was a German A region named Germania, inhabited by several Germanic peoples, has been known and documented before AD 100. Beginning in the 10th century, German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire, which lasted until 1806. During the 16th century, northern Germany became the centre of the Protestant Reformation. As a modern nation-state, engine In common usage, an engine burns or otherwise consumes fuel, and is differentiated from an electric machine that derives power without changing the composition of matter. An engine may also serve as a "prime mover", a component that transforms the flow or changes in pressure of a fluid into mechanical energy. An automobile powered by an and later automobile An automobile, motor car or car is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transporting passengers, which also carries its own engine or motor. Most definitions of the term specify that automobiles are designed to run primarily on roads, to have seating for one to eight people, to typically have four wheels, and to be constructed principally for the manufacturer, in operation from 1890 until 1926. Founded by Gottlieb Daimler Gottlieb Daimler was an engineer, industrial designer and industrialist, born in Schorndorf (Kingdom of Württemberg, a federal state of the German Confederation), in what is now Germany. He was a pioneer of internal-combustion engines and automobile development. He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile and Wilhelm Maybach Wilhelm Maybach was an early German engine designer and industrialist. During the 1890s he was hailed in France, then the world centre for car production, as the "King of constructors", it was based first in Cannstatt (today Bad Cannstatt, a city district of Stuttgart Stuttgart is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The sixth-largest city in Germany, Stuttgart has a population of 600,038 (December 2008) while the metropolitan area has a population of 5.3 million (2008)). Daimler died in 1900, and the company moved in 1903 to Stuttgart-Untertürkheim Stuttgart is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The sixth-largest city in Germany, Stuttgart has a population of 600,038 (December 2008) while the metropolitan area has a population of 5.3 million (2008) after the original factory was destroyed by fire, and again to Berlin Berlin (English pronunciation: /bɜrˈlɪn/; German pronunciation: [bɛɐ̯ˈliːn] ) is the capital city and one of 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.4 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the eighth most populous urban area in the European Union. Located in northeastern in 1922. Other factories were located in Marienfelde (near Berlin) and Sindelfingen (next to Stuttgart Stuttgart is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The sixth-largest city in Germany, Stuttgart has a population of 600,038 (December 2008) while the metropolitan area has a population of 5.3 million (2008)).
The company started as a petrol engine producer, but after the success of a small number of race cars built on contract by Wilhelm Maybach for Emil Jellinek Emil Jellinek, known after 1903 as Emil Jellinek-Mercedes was a wealthy European entrepreneur who sat on the board of Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft ('DMG') between 1900 and 1909. He specified an engine designed there by Wilhelm Maybach and Gottlieb Daimler[citation needed] for the first 'modern' car. Jellinek required naming the engine after his, it began to produce the Mercedes Mercedes was a brand of the Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft which began to develop in 1900, after the death of its co-founder, Gottlieb Daimler. Although the name was not lodged as a trade name until 23 June 1902 and had to wait until 26 September to be registered legally, the brand name eventually would be applied to an automobile model built by model of 1902, after which automobile production expanded to become DMG main product and it built several models.
Because of the post World War One German economic crisis, DMG merged in 1926 with Benz & Cie. Karl Friedrich Benz, sometimes spelled as Carl, was a German engine designer and automobile engineer, generally regarded as the inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile and pioneering founder of the automobile manufacturer, Mercedes-Benz. Other German contemporaries, Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach working as partners, also worked on, becoming Daimler-Benz Daimler-Benz AG was a German manufacturer of automobiles, motor vehicles, and internal combustion engines; which was founded in 1926. An Agreement of Mutual Interest - which was valid until year 2000 - was signed on 1 May 1924 between Karl Benz's Benz & Cie., and Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft, which had been founded by Gottlieb Daimler and and adopting Mercedes-Benz Mercedes-Benz is a German manufacturer of luxury automobiles, buses, coaches, and trucks. It is currently a division of the parent company, Daimler AG (formerly DaimlerChrysler AG), after previously being owned by Daimler-Benz. Mercedes-Benz has its origins in Karl Benz's creation of the first petrol-powered car, the Benz Patent Motorwagen, as its automobile trademark. A further merger occurred in 1998 with Chrysler Chrysler Group LLC is a U.S.-based automobile manufacturer headquartered in the Detroit suburb of Auburn Hills, Michigan. Chrysler was first organized as the Chrysler Corporation in 1925. From 1998 to 2007, Chrysler and its subsidiaries were part of the German based DaimlerChrysler AG (now Daimler AG). Prior to 1998, Chrysler Corporation traded to become DaimlerChrysler. The name was finally changed to just Daimler AG Daimler AG (formerly Daimler-Benz AG, ) is a German car corporation (not to be confused with the British Daimler Motor Company) and the world's thirteenth largest car manufacturer as well as the largest truck manufacturer in the world. In addition to automobiles, Daimler manufactures trucks and provides financial services through its Daimler in 2007 when Chrysler was sold.
Daimler, Maybach, and DMG at Seelberg
By 1882 both Daimler and Maybach had left Nikolaus Otto Nikolaus August Otto was the German inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber. Although other internal combustion engines had been invented (e.g. by Étienne Lenoir) these were not based on four separate strokes. The concept of four strokes is likely to have been around at the time of's Deutz AG Gasmotorenfabrik Deutz AG is a German engine manufacturer and in 1890 would found their own engine company, Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft (DMG). Its purpose was the construction of small, high speed engines based on the same stationary engine A stationary engine is an engine whose framework does not move. It is normally used not to propel a vehicle but to drive a piece of immobile equipment such as a pump or power tool. They may be powered by steam; or oil-burning or internal combustion engines. They come in a wide variety of sizes and are used a wide variety of purposes. These include: technology.
DMG thus grew out of an extension of the independent businesses of Daimler and Maybach, who would revolutionize the world with their inventions for the automobile of a four-stroke petrol engine Today, internal combustion engines in cars, trucks, motorcycles, aircraft, construction machinery and many others, most commonly use a four-stroke cycle. The four strokes refer to intake, compression, combustion , and exhaust strokes that occur during two crankshaft rotations per working cycle of the gasoline engine and diesel engine. A less, carburetor A carburetor or carburettor (Commonwealth spelling) is a device that blends air and fuel for an internal combustion engine. It was invented by Karl Benz before 1885 and patented in 1886. It is colloquially called a carb (in North America and the United Kingdom), and so on. The company would manufacture small internal combustion engines suitable for use on land, sea, and in the air (the basis for a symbol Daimler devised of a three pointed star, with each point indicating a different way).
On July 5, 1887, Daimler purchased a property in Seelberg Hill (Cannstatt) previously owned by the Zeitler & Missel who had used it as a precious metal foundry. The site covered 2,903 square meters, cost 30,200 Goldmark Before unification, the different German states issued a variety of different currencies, though most were linked to the Vereinsthaler, a silver coin containing 16⅔ grams of pure silver. Although the Mark was based on gold rather than silver, a fixed exchange rate between the Vereinsthaler and the Mark of 3 Mark = 1 Vereinsthaler was used for, and from it they produced engines for their successful Neckar The Neckar is a 367 km long river, mainly flowing through the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg, but also a short section through Hesse in Germany. The Neckar is a major right tributary of the River Rhine. Rising in the Black Forest near Villingen-Schwenningen in the conservation area Schwenninger Moos at a height of 706 m (2,316 ft) above motorboat. They also sold licenses for others to make their engine products and Seelberg became a centre of the rapidly growing automobile industry.
Daimler ran into financial problems because sales were not high enough and the licences didn't yield significant profit. An agreement was reached with the financiers Max Von Duttenhofer and William Lorenz, both of whom were also munitions manufacturers, along with the influential banker Kilian von Steiner, who owned an Investment Bank, to convert the private company to a public one in 1890. (This agreement is regarded by some historians as a "devil's pact"[1], as the inventors never got along with the new company status.)
Not really believing in automobile production the financiers expanded the stationary engine business, as they were selling well, and even considered a merger with Otto's Deutz-AG. (During 1882, Daimler had serious personal problems with that company's chairman, Nicholas Otto, when Daimler and Maybach worked for Otto.) Daimler and Maybach continued to advocate car manufacturing and as a result even left the DMG company for a short period.
Two years later, in 1892, the enterprise was close to a crisis, but stabilised itself by selling mobile and stationary engines through a number of retailers around the world, from New York City to Moscow.
In 1900, Daimler died, but later DMG's successful Mercedes models based upon race cars designed by Maybach to the specifications of Emil Jellinek Emil Jellinek, known after 1903 as Emil Jellinek-Mercedes was a wealthy European entrepreneur who sat on the board of Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft ('DMG') between 1900 and 1909. He specified an engine designed there by Wilhelm Maybach and Gottlieb Daimler[citation needed] for the first 'modern' car. Jellinek required naming the engine after his (who wanted a more modern and safer car, following the death of Willhelm Bauer in a Daimler racer)[1] changed the board's outlook in favour of the automobile. Maybach continued as designer for a while, but quit in 1909 and was replaced by Gottlieb's son, Paul.
Expansion (1902 to 1920)
DMG's automobile sales took off, particularly with the first Daimler-Mercedes engine designed by Maybach placed into several race cars of 1900 built for Emil Jellinek. That race car was later referred to as the Mercedes 35 hp. Production capacity was extended to Untertürkheim. In 1902, the company produce the first Mercedes models, led by the 60, the most famous early model, and officially adopted Mercedes as its automobile trademark; capable of 120 km/h (60 mph), the 60 combined touring A grand tourer (GT) is a high-performance luxury automobile designed for long-distance driving. The most common format is a two-door coupé with either a two-seat or a 2+2 arrangement and racing capacity, and was the top-status car to own (or for other makers, among them Berliet, Rochet-Schneier, Martini {Switzerland}, Ariel {Britain}, Star {Britain}, and FIAT Fiat S.p.A., an acronym for Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino , is an Italian automobile manufacturer, engine manufacturer, financial and industrial group based in Turin in the Piedmont region. Fiat was founded in 1899 by a group of investors including Giovanni Agnelli. Fiat has also manufactured railroad vehicles, tanks and aircraft. As of 2009,, to copy; in the U.S., Daimler Manufacturing Company {Long Island Long Island is an island located in southeastern New York, United States, just east of Manhattan. Stretching northeast into the Atlantic Ocean, Long Island contains four counties, two of which are boroughs of New York City, and two of which (Nassau and Suffolk) are mainly suburban. In popular usage, the term “Long Island” generally refers only, New York} built it under licence, in association with Steinway Steinway & Sons, also known as Steinway, (pronounced /ˈstaɪnweɪ/ ) is an American and German manufacturer of handmade pianos, founded in 1853 in New York City, by German immigrant Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg (later Henry E. Steinway). The company's growth led to the opening of a factory and employee village in what is now Astoria, Queens,).[2] In part due to the 60's success, the number of DMG employees went from 821 (1903) to 2,200 (1904).
1906 to 1913 were further expansion years, with the creation of new capacity reducing the number of external suppliers. Increased mechanization took the annual productivity from 0.7 cars per worker, to 10. In 1911, shares of DMG were listed on the Stuttgart stock exchange Stuttgart is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The sixth-largest city in Germany, Stuttgart has a population of 600,038 (December 2008) while the metropolitan area has a population of 5.3 million (2008).
Berlin-Marienfelde
On October 2, 1902, DMG opened a new works in the mountainous region to the south of Berlin. Its scope was initially limited to motorboat and marine engines. Later, it expanded into making trucks (1905) and fire trucks (1907). The region became a centre of the automobile industry, and other companies moved in.
Untertürkheim
Untertürkheim was an ideal location to site a large factory as it was close to both the Neckar river and the Stuttgart-Ulm Ulm is a city in the German Bundesland of Baden-Württemberg, situated on the River Danube. The city, whose population is estimated at 120,000 (2006), forms an urban district of its own (German: Stadtkreis) and is the administrative seat of the Alb-Donau district. Ulm, founded around 850, is rich in history and traditions as a former Free Imperial railroad. The local Mayor Eduard Fiechtner sold the land (185,000 square meters) at a low price and also arranged for a railroad extension with its own station and energy from the Neckar The Neckar is a 367 km long river, mainly flowing through the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg, but also a short section through Hesse in Germany. The Neckar is a major right tributary of the River Rhine. Rising in the Black Forest near Villingen-Schwenningen in the conservation area Schwenninger Moos at a height of 706 m (2,316 ft) above's hydro-electric plant which had been built in 1900.
DMG had planned to open the facility in 1905 but the total destruction of Cannstatt's factory by fire in 1903 hastened the work and the new Art-Nouveau Art Nouveau is an international movement and style of art, architecture and applied art—especially the decorative arts—that peaked in popularity at the turn of the 20th century (1890–1905). The name "Art Nouveau" is French for "new art". It is also known as Jugendstil, German for "youth style", named after the building, with a jagged-roof, was brought forward to start production in December 1903. The work force continued to grow.
On May 17, 1904, Unterturkheim became the company's headquarters with the rest of the administration staff moving in on May 29. In 1913, an additional 220,000 square meters were acquired and between 1915 and 1918 it was extended further. By the 1920s, Untertürkheim had almost all the production processes on one site from foundries A foundry is a factory that produces metal castings. Metals are cast into shapes by melting them into a liquid, pouring the metal in a mold, and removing the mold material or casting after the metal has solidified as it cools. The most common metals processed are aluminum and cast iron. However, other metals, such as steel, magnesium, copper, tin, to final car assembly. In 1925 the DMG design department also moved in.
The Cannstatt Fire (1903)
On the night of June 10, 1903, the original Seelberg-Cannstatt plant suffered a great fire. All the machinery and 93 finished Mercedes cars, a quarter of the annual production, were destroyed, together with a small museum with historical items like Daimler-Maybach's first ever motorcycle.
The displaced workers received haven-salaries and additional bread rations. Neighboring companies lent workshops, allowing production to continue. DMG created a Relief Fund (one of the first worker insurance schemes) and began building separator blocks in all its plants.
The following year, 1904, the whole operation moved to Untertürkheim. The last unit produced in Seelberg rolled out in the first weeks of 1905.
Sindelfingen
At the outbreak of the First World War, in 1914, companies rushed to produce war supplies. In the autumn of 1915, DMG opened the Sindelfingen factory for military vehicles A military is an organization authorized to use force, usually including use of weapons, in defending its country by combating actual or perceived threats. As an adjective the term "military" is also used to refer to any property or aspect of a military. Militaries often function as societies within societies, by having their own, aircraft engines, and even entire aircraft A fixed-wing aircraft, typically called an airplane, aeroplane or plane, is an aircraft capable of flight using forward motion that generates lift as the wing moves through the air. Planes include jet engine and propeller driven vehicles propelled forward by thrust, as well as unpowered aircraft . Fixed-wing aircraft are distinct from ornithopters. After the war, limited by the Versailles Treaty The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace treaties at the end of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1919, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The other Central Powers on the German side of World War I were dealt with in separate treaties, it produced only automobile bodies.
Motorboats
The production of motorboats A motorboat is a boat which is powered by an engine. Some motorboats are fitted with inboard engines, others have an outboard motor installed on the rear, containing the internal combustion engine, the gearbox and the propeller in one portable unit by Daimler and Maybach began early, in 1886, with the Neckar (4.5 meters long with a speed of 11 km/h (6 knots)), the first in the world, and tested on the local Neckar river. That boat became DMG's first commercial hit, helped by the poor state of Germany's roads. Once the company was formed, motorboat production became one of the new financiers' main interests and lead in 1902 to the building of the Berlin-Marienfelde factory specifically for their manufacture.
Automobiles
DMG car (1906) with Phoenix engineDaimler had sold automobile-engine licenses all over the world including to France, Austria, the UK, and the United States through an agreement with the piano-maker Steinway Steinway & Sons, also known as Steinway, (pronounced /ˈstaɪnweɪ/ ) is an American and German manufacturer of handmade pianos, founded in 1853 in New York City, by German immigrant Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg (later Henry E. Steinway). The company's growth led to the opening of a factory and employee village in what is now Astoria, Queens,, in New York.
The first DMG automobile sale took place in August, 1892 (its registration still survives) to the Sultan of Morocco.
Commercial vehicles had also been made mainly using a Phoenix engine, but up to 1900, when Daimler died, the bodies had not been standardised.
In 1902, the Mercedes Mercedes was a brand of the Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft which began to develop in 1900, after the death of its co-founder, Gottlieb Daimler. Although the name was not lodged as a trade name until 23 June 1902 and had to wait until 26 September to be registered legally, the brand name eventually would be applied to an automobile model built by car was built, compact and modern, with many improved features, a move which sparked the board's interest in automobile production. Mercedes then became DMG's main car brand name. There were some small exceptions: the Mercedes Simplex of 1902-1909, (the name indicating it being "easy to drive") and the Mercedes Knight of 1910-1924, featuring Charles Yale Knight's sleeve-valve engine The sleeve valve is a type of valve mechanism for piston engines, distinct from the more common poppet valve. Sleeve-valve engines saw use in a number of pre-World War II luxury cars, sports cars, the Willys-Knight car and light truck, the British Daimler and French Avions Voisin luxury cars, also used the same Willys-Knight double-sleeve system. All models were priced by their hp Hewlett-Packard Company , commonly referred to as HP, is an American multinational information technology corporation headquartered in Palo Alto, California, USA. HP is one of the world's largest information technology companies and operates in nearly every country. HP specializes in developing and manufacturing computing, data storage, and-rating.
The first truck, of 1.5 tons payload, was sold to London's British Motor Syndicate Ltd on October 1, 1896. Its rear-mounted Phoenix engine produced 4 hp (3 kW) at 700 rpm.
In 1897, the production of light commercial vehicles A van is a kind of vehicle used for transporting goods or groups of people. It is usually a box-shaped vehicle on four wheels, about the same width and length as a large automobile, but taller and usually higher off the ground, also referred to as a light commercial vehicle or LCV. However, in North America, the term may be used to refer to any began. At that time they were popularly called business vehicles, and were very successful in the United Kingdom.
At the first Paris Motor Show The Paris Motor Show is a biennial auto show in Paris. Held in the autumn, it is one of the most important auto shows, often with many new production automobile and concept car debuts. The show was the first motor show in the world, started in 1898 by industry pioneer, Albert de Dion. The show takes place in Paris Expo in Porte de Versailles. The, in 1898, a 5-ton truck was displayed, with a front-mounted engine.
Phoenix (1894)
In 1894, while working from temporary premises in the unused Hermann Hotel in Cannstatt, Gottlieb Daimler, his son Paul, and Wilhelm Maybach designed the Phoenix engine. It amazed the automobile world with:
- four cylinders placed vertical and parallel (a first for an automobile engine)
- camshaft An early cam was built into Hellenistic water-driven automata from the 3rd century BC. The camshaft was later described in Iraq by Al-Jazari in 1206. He employed it as part of his automata, water-raising machines, and water clocks such as the castle clock. The cam and camshaft later appeared in European mechanisms from at least the 14th century,-operated exhaust valves A valve is a device that regulates the flow of a fluid by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways. Valves are technically pipe fittings, but are usually discussed as a separate category. In an open valve, fluid flows in a direction from higher pressure to lower pressure
- spray-nozzle carburetor A carburetor or carburettor (Commonwealth spelling) is a device that blends air and fuel for an internal combustion engine. It was invented by Karl Benz before 1885 and patented in 1886. It is colloquially called a carb (in North America and the United Kingdom) (patented by Maybach in 1893)
- improvements in the belt-drive system In a motor vehicle, the term powertrain or powerplant refers to the group of components that generate power and deliver it to the road surface, water, or air. This includes the engine, transmission, driveshafts, differentials, and the final drive . Sometimes "powertrain" is used to refer to simply the engine and transmission, including.
The Phoenix won the first car-race in history, The Paris to Rouen 1894 Auto racing is a motorsport involving racing cars. It is one of the world's most watched television sports, in the petrol engine category, even beating some steam-cars Steam locomotives, steam engines capable of propelling themselves along either road or rails, developed around one hundred years earlier than internal combustion engine cars although their weight restricted them to agricultural and heavy haulage work on roads. The light car developed contemporaneously with both steam and internal combustion,: .
Production of this engine which was put into cars, trucks, and boats became DMG's main product until the Mercedes car of 1902.
Mercedes (1900)
In 1902 an automobile that would later be called the Mercedes 35 hp was created by Maybach to the order of the successful Austrian merchant Emil Jellinek Emil Jellinek, known after 1903 as Emil Jellinek-Mercedes was a wealthy European entrepreneur who sat on the board of Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft ('DMG') between 1900 and 1909. He specified an engine designed there by Wilhelm Maybach and Gottlieb Daimler[citation needed] for the first 'modern' car. Jellinek required naming the engine after his who became fascinated by both the Phoenix engine and race cars. The name was derived from an engine Maybach built to the specifications of Jellinek in 1900 that could achieve 35 hp (26 kW). Jellinek had stipulated that the engine be called Daimler-Mercedes and when it was successful, he stipulated a new model in an edition of vehicles that he would market and use personally. Later this was referred to as the Mercedes 35 hp (26 kW) model. It was never marketed by DMG until its success was seen to be substainial.
Jellinek competed as a driver, painting "Mercedes" (Spanish for godsend), on the automobiles he raced after his 10-year-old daughter. Jellinek's pursuit of higher speed brought him to Stuttgart personally, to Wilhelm Maybach's office where he also met with Paul Daimler, son of Gottlieb. Together they designed a new kind of automobile that would be "larger, wider, and with a lower center of gravity". A small number would be produced for Jellinek under contract. This was the first true automobile designed by DMG, as opposed to a coach with an engine fitted into it.
Blending the technical refinements of Maybach's new 4-cylinder engine, with a new chassis the automobile stunned the motorsport world of 1901. Jellinek had promised to purchase a large number of the race cars, (36 units for 550,000 Goldmark), if he could also be the sole concessionaire in Austria-Hungary, France, Belgium, and the USA, using the name Daimler-Mercedes for the engine, and also become a member of the Board of Management.
In June 1902, after DMG realized that they had already conceded their Daimler trademark to Panhard & Levassor for the whole of France, they decided to name all their cars Mercedes after the engine and began to produce the Mercedes series. The great demand for the car soon had DMG operating at full-capacity.
Racing
In these early years, car races were used as advertising for their makers. Therefore, both DMG and Benz & Cie., their great rival, put the best of their cars on the track. Daimler cars were able to beat Benz until 1908, when a Benz achieved the land speed record, but in the following years, both brands were equal.
First automobile multinational
The company expanded abroad with subsidiary companies:
Austro Daimler 's Imperial trademarkInternational licenses
French licenses
Edouard Sarazin began early negotiations to license Gottlieb Daimler's engines in France. After his death, his wife finally succeeded, helped by Émile Levassor and René Panhard (then a timber-machinery manufacturers) selling their first engine in 1887.
Armand Peugeot, one of their clients, began fitting vehicles with Panhard & Levassor engines, and acquired Daimler's license from them. Peugeot focussed, successfully, on the German market.
Panhard & Levassor designed a complete automobile. Levassor mounted an engine (Daimler's) over the front axle, giving better balance and turning. Marketed in October 1891, it featured rear wheel drive by two side chains, pedal clutch, front radiator, and steering by lever.
Historians consider that the automobile was "a German invention, while France expanded it commercially", mainly by publicity from car-racing since in January of 1886 Karl Benz was granted the first patent for an automobile he designed and built in 1885.
British licenses
In 1893, returning to the United Kingdom with the Phoenix engine, Frederick Simms formed the Daimler Motor Syndicate. In 1896, after buying the Daimler rights from Simms, Harry J. Lawson founded the British Daimler Motor Company in Coventry. In 1910, the company was acquired by the BSA, and began also producing military vehicles.
For years, the British Daimler Motor Company produced a variety of vehicles including police cars and buses. The automobiles were distinguished by their radiator shells which had a series of scallops on the top edge. In 1960, the company was sold to Jaguar, which engaged in badge-engineering and often Jaguar and Daimler cars could only be distinguished by the grille and name badge. Currently (2005), the only Daimler models being produced are luxury models, such as the Daimler Super Eight.
Airships and fixed-wing aircraft
Daimler flew the first airship in history in 1888, by adapting an engine to fit a balloon. In 1897, Dr. Woelflin flew one over Berlin with a DMG engine.
From 1899 to 1907 DMG provided Maybach designed engines to the Zeppelin Company. Wilhelm Maybach quit DMG in 1909. After 1909 Maybach and his son Karl founded their own company in Württemberg and took over supplying the engines.
During the First World War, from 1915 the Sindelfingen factory produced large numbers of winged aircraft and aircraft engines. Production was prohibited after the conflict under conditions laid down by the Versailles Treaty.
Three-pointed star: land, water and air
In the 1870s, while working for Otto at the Deutz AG gas-engine company, in Cologne, Daimler sent his wife Emma Kunz a postcard, marking his residence with a three-pointed star and writing: "one day this star will shine over our triumphant factories". Since then, this line has inspired both Daimler and Maybach when developing light and powerful engines for "land, water, and air".
In the 1900s, after the Mercedes' success, DMG was still lacking a trademark. Paul and Adolf Daimler, the sons of Gottlieb (who had died in early March 1900), suggested using that symbol. The company's board accepted the proposal in June 1909, also registering a four-pointed one (which has never been used).
The three-pointed star debuted in 1910. In 1916, it was surrounded by a circle with four additional stars, with either the name Mercedes or of the respective factory (Untertürkheim or Berlin-Marienfelde). In 1937, the familiar symbol was registered by Daimler-Benz, a three-dimensional three-pointed star, contained in a circle.
German crisis (1920s)
DMG was one of the most important German companies at the time of the German crisis; tripling its capital to 100 million shares in 1920, and moving its headquarters to Berlin in 1922.
After the war the German automobile industry stagnated because of insufficient demand and because automobiles were taxed by the government as luxury items. The country also was hit by a petrol shortage.
In 1923, DMG production fell to 1,020 units, compared to Benz & Cie. making 1,382 in Mannheim. The average cost of a car was 25 million marks. Strike action and inflation pushed DMG to the limit. To survive DMG produced Mercedes bicycles and typewriters, and it even issued its own emergency money.
Daimler-Benz and the Mercedes-Benz brand (1926)
For the two companies to survive the financial problems of the day, in 1919, the Benz & Cie. proposed a merger, but DMG formally rejected it in December. Then, as the German crisis worsened, the struggling companies met again in 1924 and signed an Agreement of Mutual Interest, valid until the year 2000. They standardized design, production, purchasing, sales, and advertising—marketing their car models jointly—although keeping their respective brands.
In June 28, 1926, DMG and Benz & Cie. merged into the Daimler-Benz Company, establishing its headquarters in the Untertürkheim factory.
Their automobiles were baptized Mercedes Benz, in honour of DMG's most important car model and the last name of Karl Benz. Its new trademark consisted of a three-pointed star surrounded by the traditional laurels of Karl Benz's logo and labeled Mercedes Benz. The next year, 1927, the number of units sold tripled to 7,918, and diesel truck production was launched.
Trivia
- In 1890, DMG was delivering stationary and marine engines to Russia. In 1910, it opened its first dealership in Moscow. From 1912, it was a purveyor to the Russian Royal Court. Even after the war and the socialist revolution, the Mercedes won most of the great show competitions it entered in Russia.
- In 1892, DMG designated Otto Speidel as its Munich representative.
- In 1896, the Bavarian Engine & Automobile Company also began to sell their products, naming Karl Moll as representative in 1898.
- In 1910, it opened a shop for trucks, buses and motorboats in Hiltenspergerstrasse 21.
- In 1914, in Paris, one of the greatest races in history took place, with 37 cars of six manufacturers from six countries. To beat the favorite Peugeot team, DMG used an aircraft engine designed by Paul Daimler and Fritz Nalliger. It was built by the automobile department but tested by the airship department. The cars produced 105 hp (78 kW) at 3100 rpm (no Mercedes had exceeded 1500 rpm before then). It had four steel cylinders (M93654), and sixteen valves, an aluminum crankcase, crankshafts of special Austrian steel, a single camshaft, and displaced 4483 cc.
- In 1921, DMG presented the supercharged Mercedes Kompressormotor, successful in both the private market and on the race track.
See also
- Mercedes 35 hp
- Mercedes Simplex
- Gottlieb Daimler
- Wilhelm Maybach
- Mercedes Benz
- Daimler AG
- USA Daimler
- Austro Daimler
References
- ^ Georgano, G.N. Cars: Early and Vintage, 1886-1930 (London: Grange-Universal, 1990), p.39.
- ^ Georgano, p.41.
| DMG road car timeline, 1886–1926s — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daimler (1886-99) | Motorized Carriage · Steel-wheel car · Belt-driven car · Motorized taxi · Phoenix · Phoenix racing car | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mercedes (1900-26) | 35PS · 8/11 PS · 12/16 PS · 15/20 PS · 14/30 PS · Simplex · 38PS · 39PS · 55PS · 8PS · 28PS · Knight · 22PS · 35PS (1905) · 37PS · 12/32 PS · 28/95 PS · 6/25/40 PS · 10/40/65 PS · 15/70/100 PS · 24/100/140 PS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Categories: Companies established in 1890 | Companies disestablished in 1926 | Companies of Germany | Daimler AG
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Wheels.ca
Daimler - Motoren - Gesellschaft and Benz & Cie. united to form Daimler -Benz AG in 1926. A true merger of equals, the new firm was destined to build premium ...
BankBazaar.com
Fri, 04 Dec 2009 02:47:34 GM
In 1889 Daimler and his Chief Engineer William Maybach came up with their model, a steel wheel car with a two cylinder V engine. This was followed by the establishment of . Daimler. - . Motoren. - . Gesellschaft. (DMG) and thus concluded the ...
